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The irrationality exponent of $\pi$ is $2$
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The irrationality exponent of π is 2. Proves that the irrationality exponent of π is exactly 2: for every ε > 0 and all sufficiently large denominators q, every rational $p/q$ satisfies $|\pi-p/q|\ge q^{-2-\varepsilon}$. This also proves convergence of the Flint–Hills series $\sum_{n\ge1}1/(n^3\sin^2 n)$, with angles in radians.

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released 2026-09-24  |  2 theorems · 6 lemmas · 11 proofs · 8,767 words  |  PLAY LEVEL 1 »  (pdf)
We prove the conjecture that the irrationality exponent of π is 2. As a consequence, the classical Flint–Hills series $\sum_{n\ge1}1/(n^3\sin^2 n)$ converges, with angles in radians.

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